Sorry for the long wait! I have been held up by life over the last few weeks, and I am truly annoyed about leaving you guys without content for such a time. New Zealand Bird of the Week will be back with the Rock Wren by the end of this week, and I hope I can continue to deliver on videos for the rest of the year and into 2019. Anyways, I hope you all enjoy! :D
@@stevenserial4080 Sorry, Steve, but your claims aren't born out by actual science, and your knowledge about the subject is as off-the-wall as your use of "would of" instead of the actual contraction "would've." www.livescience.com/28036-neanderthals-facts-about-our-extinct-human-relatives.html Modern human DNA from all human populations outside of Africa was shown to be around 2% Neanderthal, so they were clearly "human." There's a debate on whether they should be classified as H. neanderthalis or H. sapiens neanderthalis, but the narrator of this video betrays his ignorance by mispronouncing the "th" sound. /remedial schoolteacher voice off
Henry the PaleoGuy Truly well explained, most people have such a pathetic understanding of evolution and I’m sure this video will help dispel a lot of those myths. Thanks for making this.
I’ve seen and handled some Neanderthal tools, to say that they were brutes is an insult, the tools were created for a purpose and in some cases it’s clear that the maker knew what they were doing and that there was a lot going on in their heads
one think i do know is neanderthal were coward to move around. homo sapiens met them on their turf and out competed them to extinction. perhaps nature was not on their side.
BUT I THING THAT THEY HAD RELATIONS WITH OURS ANCESTORS , AND TODAY WE HAVE A LITTLE OF DNA THEM. SO SORRY TO MY ENGLISH I STILL DON'T SPEAK VERY WELL , BUT PLEASE I WANT A ANSWERED BECAUSE I WANT KNOW , IF SOMEONE UNDERSTANDING ME, THANK'S
I appreciate this. My son (8) has been asking about human evolution, and we are discussing the various early hominids. It’s incredibly hard finding reliable videos that treat them like the intelligent beings they were
One word about the skins the early men wear, the fur goes to the inside with the scraped skin to the outside. The fur keeps you warm and the skin side dry from snow or rain. Look to the Inuit and Eskimo.
Neanderthals may be cousins to homo sapiens sapiens and not direct ancestors, but there was definitely interbreeding between the two, meaning at least a few neanderthals ARE also ancestors to what is now actually most modern humans... Most humans on earth have an average of around 2% neanderthal DNA. So, that ancestor thing is not really 100% a misconception. In fact unless a person is of purely African descent, they almost certainly have some neanderthal ancestry.
@@TAPriceCTR That's the issue with the species concept. Sometimes you get circular species (geographically speaking) where adjacent populations can interbreed but those far apart cannot. Also, tigers and lions are considered distinct but tiger DNA has actually recently entered lion populations via breeding of an actually fertile liger (or tigon, dunno). The idea of distinct species is just a simplification of what reality is actually like. Personally, I'd say that with the amount of admixture, we're two subspecies of the same species Homo sapiens BUT I'm not an anthropologist and have been told that with as little interbreeding as there has been, we are still widely considered distinct species. In short: sometimes different species can breed. How often they can breed successfully with viable offspring before being considered the same species is subject to debate.
@@MellonVegan good point. Species differentiation is a matter of degrees, not quantum points. I once heard the Australian aborigines were reproductively less compatible with other races, I wonder how many generations homosapiens and Neanderthals were separated by before reintroduction.
I only have more Neanderthal DNA than 29% of customers by my half brother has more Neanderthal DNA than 81% of customers...he got a lot from his dad lol
@@ericbedenbaugh7085 I don't think so. Absolutely every single person I know has a longer ring finger, and I live in South America, where spaniards mixed with native americans, leaving little to no space for neanderthal genes.
@@Burn_Angel Funny, I'm in Miami and work with all South and Central Americans and I'm the only one here with that feature. Nothing is carved in stone, it's just an indicator. There are also other things like certain skin conditions that can indicate Neanderthal, it doesn't mean it's one percent. I know for a fact I have Neanderthal DNA, so have you been tested?
Same Human Girls: "OH MY GOD BECKY!!!, YOU GOT THE HUNKIEST GUY IN THE AREA." Becky: "Thanks, turns out hes a really rich.. Neande.... Human girls: WAIT THEIR RICH!!!!!!!!!!!??!!!!
Don’t you feel it’s better to judge another by their clothing than by their physical self? I mean if I were to make judgement and guess about what a person is like, I’d probably make it based off clothing, you’re certainly in control of what you wear, not of what your face looks like.
Well when it comes to slums like the ones in India where good clothing is less prominent, the world’s smartest or kindest individuals could be born there but they’ll be wearing the same clothes as most others around them, including murderers. It’s better to judge someone by their clothes then their physical appearance, but it’s still not always a good way to learn the person they are, and never the right way to really know them
I can't emphasize how much respect for these people emanates from your voice and this video. It's truly remarkable, as I've only heard Neanderthals spoken of very clinically, coldly, and with distance that would reinforce their perceived beastliness. I love this video. I begin to cry at around 9:08 and through to the end.
I refuse to believe that you were physically able to cry at that point, unless you were listening to Hollow Knight: City of Tears and it was raining outside amd you were cozy in bed, then yes, that's understandable
I find it absolutely amazing how much artistic renderings have evolved over the years. Thank you for making and posting this video. It was very enlightening.
I've been telling my friends and colleagues (Anthropology/Archaeology) that we need to get out of the ivory towers and start talking to people in the general public - sharing what we've learned and helping people to understand their world better. Your video is a perfect example of the sort of "out of the ivory tower" work we need to be far more involved in. It's a bit dated... with all of the genetic information we now have, Neanderthals were our kinfolk and to a lesser degree ancestors - you could say that the two branches (and as we now know, others as well) intertwined and connected and separated - in a sense the different branches resulted in modern Homo Sapiens Sapiens. That being said, it was an excellent job... I'm going to earmark this video and share it with friends/colleagues, as an example!
You just chewed up and spit out what he just said the whole video, what's your 2cents worth to the general public ? "It was an excellent job" Just stay in the ivory towers lol
I live near the actual Neandertal (an area near Wuppertal in Germany). There is a really neat museum there and it is amazing to think about the weight of history above it all :)
"The extinction of Neanderthals left us the last remaining species of homo" that's not true ... there is archeological evidence that in fact homo florensiensis also known as "the hobbit" survived in Indonesia until as recently as 15,000 years ago
The most incredible part of this for me is that we have art from a non-homo sapiens society, alien art from something not us. That is truly mind-blowing.
FairlyInnocuous think about this they ruled for 600000 years who knows what kind of crazy history wars groups culture etc thrived in that huge time span
7:00 Very few people are in perfect health when they die. In fact, no one is in perfect health when they die, because death requires a health condition that makes life no longer possible. This condition can be induced by a trauma that makes life impossible to sustain, or by infection or other disease.
I wish Disney would go back to its experimental roots and do an animated film on Neanderthals with no dialogue, opting instead for an orchestral score, as it did with Fantasia.
Have you ever seen the movie Quest For Fire? If not, check it out. Further evidence of how much more open minded and creative we we were when old white guys were in charge of everything.
From what I've read, I believe that Neanderthals had some sort of rudimentary language. I suspect that 50,000 years ago modern human language may also have been pretty rudimentary.
Languages generally aren’t “rudimentary” just complex in different ways. The Neanderthals genetically and physically could have spoken language. They existed for thousands of years. Their languages were just as complex as ours.
The further back intelligence goes into the past the more difficult it becomes to explain why civilization is so recent. The climate certainly presented some problems yet there was still suitable land to start civilization if the intelligence requirements were met.
@@swagmundfreud666 Languages today aren't rudimentary, because most humans have appropriate IQ to speak them. But going so far back, they must have had lower IQ and therefore more primitive language.
@@mouthpiece200 Oh have you done IQ tests on primitive people from 100K years ago? I know its tempting to assume that humans back then were less intelligent than us but were they really? I mean yeah they didn't have cities and high technology but that was because the Ice Age made agriculture very difficult in most parts of the world, especially in Europe where neanderthals were. Without a surplus of food from agriculture you have less time to innovate new inventions to advance civilization. I'm not so sure this idea that humans just kept getting smarter and smarter over time is accurate. The people of the dark ages were probably way dumber on average than the people of Ancient Egypt 3000 years before them. That's not because of some biologic reason, it was because of the conditions of the time they lived in.
How fascinating would that be, to meet a Neaderthal and, through basic communication and body language, share food and drink together? I would love that.
That makes me think of a scene in Django Unchained. Django takes a drink of this beer and he doesn't say anything but he has this noticable positive reaction.
People react to alcohol differently... Or get worse hangovers of get drunk faster. This is true for some American indigenous groups or some few Asian (sub) ethnicities... People from Greenland seem to react differently to alcohol too, seems to be more addictive to them. Anyway I'd like to know too, but maybe they'd hate the hangover :o
@@Greendragon434 You beat me to it. I wonder how widespread that knowledge was. Many Native Americans knew and use willow bark, the inner bark layer is supposed to be best.
Your joke made me smile, but possibly there's a grain of truth. It might be that Sapiens had more foresight and that hoarding instinct that has gone awry in the toilet paper aisles predicated us towards storage of food resources whereas the Neanderthals lived more "hand to mouth", thus Sapiens better survived environmental and, perhaps, disease shocks, better. That might have become more important as populations rose and disease transmission became more efficient. I sometimes wonder if Neanderthals were decimated by Sapiens diseases like New World populations in the Age Of Exploration. But back to hoarding, my local supermarkets have been stripped of staple carbohydrates. A Neanderthal just wandering in to buy some for a few days ahead would go hungry now, while the hoarding Sapiens can live off their hoards for many weeks ahead.
i think , like today it would all be up to the clan or tribe to which one belonged, with some being very caring for their old and weak, and others abandoning them for the benefit of the young and able, just as was the case, and is the case with homo sapiens,
Darwinian Quote: "Only the strong survive. / Survival of the fittest." Evolution: Social strength is part of that. Overall, I think that Darwinian theory started off incomplete, but you could say that we've been refining it as more content & context is discovered. I'm not sure compassion is something that is incompatible with Darwinian. I could be wrong, but that's my $0.02.
T'was an old username and I'll change it soon. “Survival of the fittest” only means living to pass down your genes. It doesn’t mean necessarily that the strongest one wins. If compassion and cooperation help you and your relatives have more surviving offspring, then you’re successful from a Darwinian perspective.
You will notice that most of the depictions of Neanderthals in this video don't show their low forehead and receding chins. It is either an attempt to make them look more like modern man, or the artists subconsciously are using a facial geometry they are more familiar with. The fact is not only Neanderthal skulls were different from ours, but their rib cage and arms and legs had marked differences in their proportions from ours. It was not only their large nasal passages that make them different from us, they were a very different subspecies of human. But that difference is no indication they were "primitive". They were very successful for around 400,00 years in Europe and the Near-East, and survived at least one and possibly two ice-ages, and that was a major achievement.
Well, everyone except many Africans likely have 2-4% of their heritage from H. neanderthalensis, due to humans traveling across the map in the following manner: Africans to Europeans to both Middle Eastern people (and other Arabs) plus Eastern Europeans like Russians and Siberians (Many of these early Siberians developed smaller, more 'asian'-like eyes to adapt to the cold and snowy weather - it kept snow from getting into their eyes. They passed on this gene to their descendants: East Asians (like Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Korean, and so on), who gave rise to Indonesians, Aboriginal Australians (The the smaller-eye gene is much less prevalent here), and Native Americans (They sort of kept the small-eye gene, but barely).
@@koba763 Yup, I have 4% Neanderthan genes--my ancestors all came from Eastern Europe as far back as you can check. I was happy to learn that they didn't just go extinct.
it probably was more than one neanderthal language, each isolated group diverged and had its own language, with groups that diverged later having more in common in their languages, and probably if two previously isolated groups mixed together peacefully a hybrid language formed etc... same with humans even dolphins and killer whales were proven to have different "dialects" of vocalizations for different populations! it is amazing really, language is a slow process that developed over generations to include more complex vocalizations to mean more things, not just developed in any one individuals life! even now changes were made to English than how it was spoken 200 years ago, think about millions of years over several species
Author and anthropologist Jean M. Aul's books about stoneage-girl Ayla, especially the first one "Clan of The Cavebear", has actually done a lot for putting these assumptions in the ground. She in fact molded the character Caleb after Nandi to show how physical weak members of a neanderthal tribe could easily have played a major role in the tribe as shamans and healers, in this way giving a credible reason howcome an individual as Nandi would receive so much care as is suggested by the fossil finds.
Thank gods I never thought any of these lies were true. Neanderthals were people, just like us, and just like any other animal. They used their intelligence to survive, but they were also sapient and highly social, which also resulted in greater expression of empathy, like it happens between other social animals. When I look at a Neanderthal, I can only think "hello, fellow person, I wonder what your day was like".
Got to say never heard of hunchback Neanderthals. That said... They're technically our ancestors, cause our real ancestors did interbreed with them on occassion. So not a direct branch ancestor but interlocking one, sure. Well, for europeans anyway.
Partially descended from them. We who are anything but full-blooded Africans are all the descendants of mixed breedings. And given the size of a Neanderthal infant the successful ones would nearly have to have been a Neanderthal female and a Modern Human male as the head size would more than likely have killed a modern human female during childbirth.....and if there hadn't been a female willing and able to nurse it the child would have died in a day or two.
I don't understand your distinction between 'real ancestors' and 'Neanderthals', Valherjar. If you've got Neanderthal DNA - it means you had real Neanderthal ancestors! Probably the last fully Neanderthal one, as Little Dikkins points out, was female - but before her would have been thousands of years worth of both male and female 100% Neanderthals.
Neanderthals were human. We obviously breed with them. Neanderthal was a different race just how we have Europeans, Asians, Middle Eastern, Americas, Africans. If you think Neanderthals are not human than people outside your race are not human either. If you can breed offspring then you are basically the same species. Asians, blacks, and whites have different skulls as well. Neanderthals were just a different race. This was obvious as a child. Saying Neanderthals are not human is like saying other races are not human. We all are but have evolved different slightly :).
@@vladimircrist2297 Humans are homo sapiens sapiens. Yes, that's two sapiens because there are multiple kinds of homo sapiens (we are the only last surviving ones). So we are specifically homo sapiens sapiens. I don't know where Neanderthals belong. They could be homo sapiens, idk, but they are not homo sapiens sapiens.
@Ronald Mugo How? Well, at least in Northeast and Southern Africa, it's linked to a Eurasian population that migrated BACK to Africa and were largely absorbed. In West Africa, it might have been introduced to humans from another archaic human species that interbred with neanderthals and passed those genes along when being absorbed by Paleolithic West Africans.
@@couchgrouches7667 those sub-Saharan African are west India and Northern Afro-american 99,99% of real sub-Saharan African who never leave Africa mostly western African have like 00.01% of neanderthal gene
A thoughtful and empathetic reasoning to discount misconceptions about our forebear 'Nandy'. Gosh! Imagine bearing the fellow's 'disabilities' caused how - one can only conjecture whether during hunting mammoth, fights with another tribe, falling from a climb - who knows? Clearly, Nandy, was, or, exposed himself to necessarily dangerous situations that meant sustaining injuries and disfigurements were part of the routine of his life. Reminds me of a skeletal X-ray I had recently that revealed I'd suffered a vertebrae fracture in the past, since healed and in no way disabling, that I could not explain to the doctor how and when it occurred. Thanx from the UK
Its amazing that Nandi survived any of those injuries. The hair/sweat factor is very arguable. Both diet and acclimatization play a big role in that and ultimately, layers are most important. Lots of hair is basically layers.
I like the image of the face painted neanderthal with the decorative feathers. I heard too that there is DNA evidence to suggest that they had skin tones almost as varied as ours depending on the climate of the location they lived in.
They likely mostly had pale (white) skin, while we likely were primarily darker in nature at the time. Mainly because they evolved in Europe while we evolved in Africa.
This video really started me thinking about how bad evidence can lead to terrible misconceptions. My God, what if somebody finds fossils of THE KARDASHIANS, thousands of years from now?
Namjoon's dimples and thighs plastic doesn’t decompose for millions of years, and if it becomes fossilized with the rest of the body then it would probably last even longer.
Do a vid showing how Neanderthal skull genetics could have been a death sentence to Sapien female trying to give birth, but so in Neanderthal female pregnant bya Sapien. There is an untold theory in this size difference and how genes were passed.
I've always understood the "March of Progress" was indicative of a timeline of evolution, not a linear representation. I must have slept through that part.
Not as much. Therr is a lower percentage. Mainly because the stillborn rate of a mixed couple waa higher, due to the differences in the species in the end. The average recentlt was i think 2-5% neanderthal (except the ones mentioned before), but some nations have more and other ones lesser. It isnt very high, but definitely there. Aboriginals have, as far as I remember and correct me if I'm wrong, also another human species in their DNA. These were closer related to neanderthals then homosapiens but also breeded with all the other species (you can never have enough fun). So in the southern asian country's and australia are there DNA more common. I doubt that this will be the only ones, the more we find, the more we know. Also, at that time, there was already racism existing or more a form of fear of new or unknown things (which made them survive in the end). Mixed couples were often excluded from both societies and some even murdered, as well as their children. But it becane more common after a while. Also one thing they found out so far is that male neanderthals with female homosapiens were more common then the other way around, which probably has to do with the body. Neanderthals were taler and broader build, so the women associated that with strength and good survival possibilities. On the other hand, the small cute homosapiens was also quit attractice for the neanderthals. Just love these little things and how they still fit into our behaviour nowadays and our instinct. But also how more consciousness lets us overcome some of our instincts nowadays.
To be fair, they are our ancestors to a much lesser extent. Also we just found out that Neanderthals are our ancestors recently so it will be a while until people know and accept it.
Thank you Henry for such a thoughtful and well presented video. I was unaware of your material until this video but this presentation has prompted me to subscribe to your channel. Please, keep up the good work.
Agreed, great job man! I'm posting this on my husband's account, but I'm currently working on my own RUclips channel similar to yours. My first video will be on the lystrosaurus, I'm super excited to have it completed soon... and when I see videos from small channels like this trending, it gives me hope that at least a few people will actually see it! :) Keep it up, you just got another sub from me as well.
@@samyoung5964 If only you were a 'Satanic Fairy Tale', the whole world would breath easier. While the bible has done some good things, it's also caused the death of countless millions of species including people.
The prevalent view that Neanderthald were more primitive than H.Sapiens is sometimes attributed to the fact Neaderthals still possessed a prominent brow ridge, like all the other species of humans apart from H.Sapiens. A brow ridge was thought to be a "primitive" feature, a leftover from the other great apes. But the lack of a brow ridge is just an anomaly in H.Sapiens and is not a mark of "progressiveness".
There was some interbreeding between our our cro magnon ancestors and neanderthals so we did descended from neanderthals to some small extent. About 4% of our DNA is neanderthal in origin., aside from people native to Africa south of the Sahara.
Vercingetorix: huh? The Sahara was as much of a barrier as other long stretches without McDonald's or gas stations. what do you mean? We know there were occasional small migrations...that took a lot longer than a modern family vacation. It is a bit of a barrier and we're referring to it here in terms of a geographical mark/divider demarcation line, like a dotted border printed on a map. Only this is wider than a typical map line. Yeah, people found ways, nobody said it was never a barrier. It is a kind of barrier; people get around barriers. Life finds a way.
@@jilliansmith7123 Nobody except for the guy you responded to who said "Also the sahara was never a barrier", and I'm sure crossing the Sahara is similar to driving a long stretch without a gas station.
I think a braided stream might be a better representation of evolution than a tree or bush. Since sometimes the branches connect later... unlike on trees. Also, I appreciate when videos clarify that scientists aren't perfect and can be completely wrong even in modern times. It's always good to be a bit skeptical about everything.
Watching this video makes me think that Neanderthals were not as incompetent as we pictured them to be. With that being said, this actually makes me respect them, and makes me feel that I wouldn't mind living alongside them.
I think it is a shame we shall never hear Neanderthal speech. What would non-human speech be like? What was the structure of their language? One amusing idea does occur to me. I have heard on numerous occasions that Neanderthals would have had higher pitched voices than us. Might they have sounded like human voices under the influence of helium? Now that would be fun to hear.
There is a video on youtube that shows them recreating what Neanderthals may have sounded like. Let's just say it was not the voice one would expect from a stocky, barrel-chested adult male.
@@suk4honesty To some, it may be considered a compliment, either physically or mentally, depending how you want to look at it. But, the resemblance is remarkable.
"evolution is more along the lines of a tree, with branches springing out of the base, with some branches falling off and some continuing to grow and diversify" i loved it.
I prefer the analogy to a braded river delta flowing over an area with masses of extinction holes. Look at this image. www.geoengineer.org/storage/news/2701/featured_image/13729/featured_image.jpeg Notice the connections between the channels. That's analogous to the gene flow from Neanderthals to our species. Now visualize that all but one of the channels failed to reach the ocean, the ocean being the present day. Our species is that sole surviving channel, for now.
This was a very interesting and informative video. Indeed I used to have many of the misconceptions that are corrected in this episode. Thank you for publishing it.
The individual "Nandy" being described around @7:00 on, sounds much like the character "Creb" from the paleo-novel "Clan of the Cave Bear" by Jean Aul. This character too had one eye and much facial scarring, a withered arm and a pronounced limp. Very interesting to think that the character might have been modeled after the "Nandy" individual!
Auel extensively researched Paleolithic Europe in preparation for her writings. Creb is one of many of her characters and events based on that research.
When I first read about Shanidar 1, I thought there must be a dating error. It is amazing that, even with the care they gave him, that poor man survived such pathologies and injuries as long as he did... it makes me so sad to think how terrible his suffering would have been.
I've always wondered what life would be like if they had continued to exist alongside us. What different cultures would they have developed? What would their languages be like? What technologies would they have eventually created? It honestly makes me sad that we'll never know.
@@brq267 you're probably right about that, friend. Still, i think it's a damn shame. It's fascinating to think about how things would've looked in classical or medieval europe if there were nations of neanderthals or denisovans in the east or like a literal mini kingdom of homo floriensis. I wanna write a fantasy novel about it one day. Lol.
More likely that Neanderthal Man had a strong oral culture, rather than a developed written culture. I imagine they communicated through speech, as they had a tongue didn't they.
I watched something recently saying their vocal cords or voice box wasn't as developed for speach as us but that they may have communicated more using sounds and signs.
@@44LillPuffin I've only heard that Neanderthals would have had more nasally and squeaky voices, they should have been fully capable of speech but would have had weird voices
@@44LillPuffin I think that just means their language wouldn't have sounded like any H. Sapiens tongue. There were probably sounds that we aren't capable of making, and vice versa. As a side note, and despite what the narrator says, studies suggest they had loud, deep voices. Even the women probably sounded deeper and more masculine than modern human males.
What is even more interesting is how neanderthal language may have influenced human language, since we obviously co-existed and interacted for a long time. There must have been communication between neanderthals and humans. We may have root words from them. Or even grammar based on neanderthal language. Perhaps some of our mythology comes from them. Wish I had a time machine.
Crazy how we put our spin on how they looked, eyes, skin, hair. We have no idea how they looked . Bigger Skulls, thicker bones, larger eye sockets suggesting they had better vision in the dark. Truly a mystery and transformation from them to us
Yet more evidence for the Bible. I would be willing to bet that these people called neanderthals, were actually antediluvians who lived well beyond 100 years old. Certain parts keep growing as we age.
The Black Dog Chronicles funny thing is MAYBE THEY said the TH lol. What If coincidentally we got it that close but they called THEMSELVES the Meanderthaths
Neanderthals were not dumb. They used complex Tools before we had discovered how To use them. There is even A theory of neanderthals teaching us how To make and use Tools. Also there is evidence of neanderthals worshipping god and being spiritual beings.
@Maxx Kroes i am not religous, but i am spiritual. I disagree that believing In god is not smart. Being spiritual and worshipping A physical thing like A waterfall is two different things. The other requires A deeper understanding and deeper and more meaningful thinking. I'm sorry you feel this way. I might think so aswell, if i had not met god face To face. Peace
@Maxx Kroes I am an atheist and I dn´t believe in God, nor do I think religión is useful, but creating concepts such as Gods requires pretty advance cognitive abilities. First you need to think in abstract terms, because are not actual tangible beings, it also requires some kind of pattern recognition, usually too much pattern recognizition, alongisde causal thinking (I pray, x thing happened, so it Will happen again or that Stone looks kind of like a giant woman, it must have been a giant woman in another era that turned into stone). Religión is also very social and needs rituals, so some kind of social structure is necessary alongside the capacity to pass information, even record it to pass it to your descendants (in form of song or stories). Pretty much, you have to be about the same level of cognitive abilities as us to ahve religión. I jsut think of it more like a byproduct, we have certain cognitive advantages, but those mean that we also use them a lot of the time to make faulty assumptions.
While attending the Shakespearean festival in Ashland Oregon we were treated to a haunting performance on a flute carved from an eagle's thigh bone, in the diatonic scale. The original was made by Neanderthals!
I'd just like to say, the whole descended thing is partly true for all non- African sapiens, since we mixed with Neanderthals, atleast twice, when we wandered out of Africa. While we are not the next evolution, we still are descended from Neanderthals. What kept Neanderthals warm, was their insulating pounds of muscle, combined with their clothing. It's also likely, as simplistic as it was, that Neanderthal clothing was in some respects, better than what sapiens had at the same time. Whenever I hear someone talk about Shanidar 1, I always get happy that someone's talking about Creb. From my understanding, based on the Neanderthal documentary released this past year with Andy Serkis, Neanderthals could speak, however certain sounds we make, for example "Ahh" would have been much different, sounding more like "Uhr".
@Grundy Malone Neanderthals did contribute, both directly and indirectly. Also new evidence suggests Homo sapiens who left Africa before 100,000 years ago, contributed to the gene flow of Eastern Eurasian Neanderthal populations.
@@batintheattic7293 I sincerely doubt that since that quite famously happens a lot in khoisan people who are the last people you'd expect to have neanderthal DNA. Also is a particular issue for African americans but they pretty much always are fairly european
Yeah, if prehistoric human species (neanderthals included) were all still alive today, and due to human rights being more important than ever, I think that various movie (Minions, The Croods, 1 Million BC, etc) and series (Netflix's Dawn Of The Croods, old Scooby-Doo cartoons, etc) programs could have the following warning before the program starts: "This programme includes negative depictions and/or mistreatment of human species or cultures. These stereotypes were wrong then and are wrong now. We want to acknowledge its harmful impact, learn from it and spark conversation to create a more inclusive future together".
Hey, great video, just a tip, you might want to run your voice throught a filter that stops it from hitting too high of a note, on some words that's a slight whistle at the very end and it's very painful. I have to lower the volume to get around it. Besides that, great vid, keep it up.
Thanks for helping to educate we modern humans to appreciate better our distant cousins, the Neanderthals. We need to be more up- to-date on how they lived.
6:30 I never understood why there is always a misconception of "anything not human is a brute or stupid". Some animals and even plants can articulate through the world and survive in ways humans cannot even conceive of thinking. Regardless of what anatomy they may posses, humans use what they learn from these creatures to advance mankind, how ironic.
For two species to be able to interbreed and have VIABLE offspring, by evolutionary law, their genetic structure must be practically identical. This necessitates that they must share a very recent common ancestor. This means that the evolution of homo sapiens and homo neanderthalis is linked, and their common ancestor originated in Africa.
I suggest anyone and everyone read at least the first book of a series: "Clan Of the Cave Bear". It was actually made into a movie way back when. The author has credentials in anthropology and even botany. The books are good, with the first being the best (in my opinion). It gives an extremely detailed and immersive idea of what life could've been like when Neanderthals and Cro-Magnans were living alongside each other, right as the Neanderthals began declining. There is even the topic of interbreeding and how that would've looked and also how each society may have treated such individuals. I think these are amazing fictional examples of these time periods, and they're from the early 80's, if I recall, maybe the 70's. It definitely changed how I thought about our earlier ancestors and their neighbors. I read these when I was a young adult, so I did already have some preconceived notions about early hominids, even having been a dinosaur fan when I was young and having done some extensive research into earlier life in my free time. Give it a read, I really do recommend it. Edit: I did want to add that it covers how the Neaderthal clans may have had and portrayed their spirituality, and some of their beliefs. It also shows them communicating via small vocalizations among a type of sign language. Basically the vocalizations would just be small grunts and noises to emphasize what they were saying with their hands. I think it's an interesting take on things. Obviously they'd probably vocalize more if they had to use their hands, like when hunting. These books cover a lot and give you things to think about, even if it's not all correct or some of it is a bit outdated.
Neanderthal is fascinating to learn about. Neanderthal part of our ancestors and Homosapien is to. Great video Henry can you make more of these kind videos.
It's the point about language that always annoys me. They most definately could speak, but people think they couldn't. This is part of the reason why people see them as more animal than human.
Firstly, did you consider he may do that in part because of an internal annoyance with the amount of misconceptions and depreciation/dehumanization society in general practices towards Neanderthals, combined with a high level of knowledge of the subject from his part, since he studies quite a lot archaeology and paleonthology, and he has to watch that many misconceptions being made among the general population? Secondly, to criticise his wording and claims, did you check the many sources he provided in the description for his video claims? Showing that he can claim things with more absolution, because his claims are quite scientifically funded, while the prejudices and misconceptions of the general population about Neanderthals are funded on old assumptions, unrequited or bad science, and change through time with social misjudgement and emotional, irrational analysis.
I suspect, being at least tangentially familiar with the literature here, that he's making definitive statements when evidence clearly shows something to be true. The fossil record is clear, including the fossils of the aged, severely injured, but healed individuals. The discussion on speech is a hot topic of debate, because it was previously thought to be a uniquely human trait that resulted from specific anatomical changes in the skull and neck. Evidence showing similarity in neanderthal skulls gives us tremendous insight, though, of course, we don't have soft tissue which would be the gold standard. As with all things in science, there are levels of supporting evidence. Some theories are weak. In this case, examples would be inferences from reconstructions of the neanderthal genome, which is based on enormous amounts of assumptions. Other theories, like their social behavior and development of culture (art), are so strongly supported, they aren't really controversial. He uses definitive language with the latter, and that's appropriate.
Contrary to long held notions, then, does this data suggest that Neanderthal COULD speak? I always used to read that the larynx structure restricted that ability.
23 and me says I have more Neanderthal DNA than 93% of others who gave their sample, and I only have 311 markers. They said this meant I don't have back hair (I do not), and that I don't sneeze when I eat dark chocolate (I don't). I guess we are really understanding Neanderthal DNA with leaps and bounds with genetic testing.
@@HenrythePaleoGuy I'm not sure if you know of it, and it's pretty old, but I did suggest "Clan Of the Cave Bear". It was decent enough to warrant a (meh) movie a few decades ago. The first book is really awesome though. Shows all kinds of facets of Neaderthal life including spirituality, herbal medicine, hunting, socialization (they speak in small vocalizations and a type of hand language in the book), etc. It's all really interesting to think about. The author is formally schooled and holds degrees in (if I recall) anthropology and some other things she utilizes in the books. It's a series but the first book is the best, to me. Just a suggestion. :)
@earaza If I was growing up around malaria, I think I might opt for the sickle cell. But yeah, *pure* Africans have little to no Neanderthal DNA! :) But sorry, unless you have that amazingly night-black skin, you're probably still part Neanderthal!
@Church On Da Move black people can get lice too, dumbass. That they cant because of coarse hair is nonsense and a fucking myth. Now shut your racist ass up before I beat your ass.
To everybody who is being so spiky about African DNA versus northern European DNA (so far as the different blessings/curses each bequeaths) - there have got to be modern black people who have some Neanderthal DNA in them. I'm very pale northern European and, apparently, I have more Neanderthal DNA than 63% of other 23 and Me users. However, I also have lots of darker skinned cousins in America. They could have inherited Neanderthal DNA from the same genetic lines that I did.
@@HenrythePaleoGuy Everyone on that side of the family, women included is 6ft +. The rest of her test came in mostly Scandinavian. The neanderthals were out numbered & bred out rather than killed to extinction right?
i've been saying most of these things for years.... literally years... and that's just from my own common sense observations. it's good to hear it finally
But I have heard it is proven that we share about 2 % of our genom with neanderthals, indicating that they interbread with early humans. So they indeed are our anacestors as well are they not?
@Yas Gasovna They didn't really "make" modern Europeans and Asians. Those groups are still Homo sapiens, the same as any African, they just have admixture from Neanderthals.
OK. I’ve made some picky comments. But, i do want to add that your illustrations are really interesting, and I give you a round of applause for creating an interesting clip. Thanks
Sorry for the long wait! I have been held up by life over the last few weeks, and I am truly annoyed about leaving you guys without content for such a time.
New Zealand Bird of the Week will be back with the Rock Wren by the end of this week, and I hope I can continue to deliver on videos for the rest of the year and into 2019.
Anyways, I hope you all enjoy! :D
@@stevenserial4080
Sorry, Steve, but your claims aren't born out by actual science, and your knowledge about the subject is as off-the-wall as your use of "would of" instead of the actual contraction "would've."
www.livescience.com/28036-neanderthals-facts-about-our-extinct-human-relatives.html
Modern human DNA from all human populations outside of Africa was shown to be around 2% Neanderthal, so they were clearly "human." There's a debate on whether they should be classified as H. neanderthalis or H. sapiens neanderthalis, but the narrator of this video betrays his ignorance by mispronouncing the "th" sound.
/remedial schoolteacher voice off
The split was much earlier from neatherhals ..over 500 000 years ago
Henry the PaleoGuy Truly well explained, most people have such a pathetic understanding of evolution and I’m sure this video will help dispel a lot of those myths. Thanks for making this.
I expected to get quite a lot of flack for this anyway, but its best not to focus on the negative comments. Thank you for watching! :)
Are you BenGThomas?
I’ve seen and handled some Neanderthal tools, to say that they were brutes is an insult, the tools were created for a purpose and in some cases it’s clear that the maker knew what they were doing and that there was a lot going on in their heads
I doubt humans would interbred with others who lack abstract thinking so they deffinetly were smart as in abstract layered concepts.
Interesting, where did you find them, you work as an archeologist or an historian ? I mean, you need to go to a museum at least
@@bays19 ask the Welsh. Thank goodness interbreeding with sheep is not possible. /j
@@bays19 The interbreeding may not have been the romantic Disney relationship you are thinking of.
Mk they are "brutes" BE INSULTED Lol
I wish some day they find a frozen preserved neanderthal somewhere in the world so we can finally see what they really looked like.
Oh - but I LOVE those more recent artistic renderings. I hope the frozen Neanderthal doesn't contradict the new impressions too much.
@@batintheattic7293 yeah me too
Brendan Fraser.
one think i do know is neanderthal were coward to move around. homo sapiens met them on their turf and out competed them to extinction. perhaps nature was not on their side.
@@siramike2654 ehhh its more believed we out fucked them than anything
i feel like if neanderthals were around today they'd be the type of people that hold the elevator door and mean it when they ask you how your day went
Imagine just transforming into a Neanderthal
I feel like they would be, too.
@@kångla123 god i fucking want to
@@SteelZerough
Tyler one was the first one
I agree completely.
I kinda wish Neanderthals were alive today. They seemed so interesting and I wish I could've met one.
You seen one Neanderthal, you seen them all.
If they were still around we would either kill em off or throw em in a zoo
You really dont want to... if you cloned one, it will probably remember that we are a threat to them and rampage the lab its cloned from
BUT I THING THAT THEY HAD RELATIONS WITH OURS ANCESTORS , AND TODAY WE HAVE A LITTLE OF DNA THEM. SO SORRY TO MY ENGLISH I STILL DON'T SPEAK VERY WELL , BUT PLEASE I WANT A ANSWERED BECAUSE I WANT KNOW , IF SOMEONE UNDERSTANDING ME, THANK'S
@@luizcarlossilvadeoliveira6233 modern humans hunted them when the last ice age happened
I appreciate this. My son (8) has been asking about human evolution, and we are discussing the various early hominids. It’s incredibly hard finding reliable videos that treat them like the intelligent beings they were
One word about the skins the early men wear, the fur goes to the inside with the scraped skin to the outside. The fur keeps you warm and the skin side dry from snow or rain. Look to the Inuit and Eskimo.
See Canon animals have been doing it all wrong then
See Canon, did you even google Eskimo garments before posting this comment?
_"one word about blah blah blah talking out my ass"_
UR WRONG
@@lutze5086 I hope your ok , haven't seen you in ages.
@@trainmanification huh where do you think you know me from
Neanderthals may be cousins to homo sapiens sapiens and not direct ancestors, but there was definitely interbreeding between the two, meaning at least a few neanderthals ARE also ancestors to what is now actually most modern humans... Most humans on earth have an average of around 2% neanderthal DNA. So, that ancestor thing is not really 100% a misconception. In fact unless a person is of purely African descent, they almost certainly have some neanderthal ancestry.
Very true!
Doesn't that indicate that neanderthal was the same species? Shouldn't interspecies breeding create sterile children?
@@TAPriceCTR That's the issue with the species concept. Sometimes you get circular species (geographically speaking) where adjacent populations can interbreed but those far apart cannot. Also, tigers and lions are considered distinct but tiger DNA has actually recently entered lion populations via breeding of an actually fertile liger (or tigon, dunno). The idea of distinct species is just a simplification of what reality is actually like. Personally, I'd say that with the amount of admixture, we're two subspecies of the same species Homo sapiens BUT I'm not an anthropologist and have been told that with as little interbreeding as there has been, we are still widely considered distinct species.
In short: sometimes different species can breed. How often they can breed successfully with viable offspring before being considered the same species is subject to debate.
@@MellonVegan good point. Species differentiation is a matter of degrees, not quantum points. I once heard the Australian aborigines were reproductively less compatible with other races, I wonder how many generations homosapiens and Neanderthals were separated by before reintroduction.
Considering I have a good portion of Neanderthal DNA, I wouldn't say they're my cousins. They are, in fact, my ancestors.
23 and me results for me..."You have 77% more Neanderthal DNA than other customers"
Little less than 2% lol.
I only have more Neanderthal DNA than 29% of customers by my half brother has more Neanderthal DNA than 81% of customers...he got a lot from his dad lol
No one cares
@@howtodoit4204 I care, it’s pretty interesting, I guess you’re just salty lol
@@kadenelijah9329 salty from Neanderthal dna 😂😂😂
@@howtodoit4204 I also care
According to my ex, I'm a Neanderthal. Ask me anything.
@Keith M Hairy enough, Keith. Hairy enough.
was Keith M your girlfriend?
I once read on a DNA site that if your ring finger is longer than your pointer finger that is a Neanderthal mutation.
@@ericbedenbaugh7085 I don't think so.
Absolutely every single person I know has a longer ring finger, and I live in South America, where spaniards mixed with native americans, leaving little to no space for neanderthal genes.
@@Burn_Angel Funny, I'm in Miami and work with all South and Central Americans and I'm the only one here with that feature. Nothing is carved in stone, it's just an indicator. There are also other things like certain skin conditions that can indicate Neanderthal, it doesn't mean it's one percent. I know for a fact I have Neanderthal DNA, so have you been tested?
Mean human girls: "Did you see what that Neanderthal chick was wearing? Like OMG get a needle and thread already!"
Same Human Girls: "OH MY GOD BECKY!!!, YOU GOT THE HUNKIEST GUY IN THE AREA."
Becky: "Thanks, turns out hes a really rich..
Neande....
Human girls: WAIT THEIR RICH!!!!!!!!!!!??!!!!
I can believe that
Pipe2DevNull
Neanderthals are humans too
😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
People still judge each other by clothing style and quality
Are you sad about that?
Don’t you feel it’s better to judge another by their clothing than by their physical self? I mean if I were to make judgement and guess about what a person is like, I’d probably make it based off clothing, you’re certainly in control of what you wear, not of what your face looks like.
Well when it comes to slums like the ones in India where good clothing is less prominent, the world’s smartest or kindest individuals could be born there but they’ll be wearing the same clothes as most others around them, including murderers. It’s better to judge someone by their clothes then their physical appearance, but it’s still not always a good way to learn the person they are, and never the right way to really know them
People still judge
Every girl crazy bout a sharp dressed man.
I can't emphasize how much respect for these people emanates from your voice and this video. It's truly remarkable, as I've only heard Neanderthals spoken of very clinically, coldly, and with distance that would reinforce their perceived beastliness. I love this video. I begin to cry at around 9:08 and through to the end.
I refuse to believe that you were physically able to cry at that point, unless you were listening to Hollow Knight: City of Tears and it was raining outside amd you were cozy in bed, then yes, that's understandable
@Sam H I could say the same about you.
Did they use Joe Rogan's head in the thumbnail?
😂😂
😝😂😆😂
Actually just cover up the chin.
Joe Rogan is probably what a Neandertal would look like if you saw one today.
@@TheMentalblockrock no shit lol
I find it absolutely amazing how much artistic renderings have evolved over the years. Thank you for making and posting this video. It was very enlightening.
Thank you, I'm glad you liked it!
i'm having a hard time picturing neanderthals that sound like anime schoolgirls.
@Marvin Martinez " KAWAII~ ! "
@Big Scoot lmao
I’m not lmao
ruclips.net/video/tTkF8tomobA/видео.html
"Gruk Senpai! Give me back my mammoth bone you baka!"
With their high pitched voices they can perfectly recreate Hatsune Miku songs
hell no
I've been telling my friends and colleagues (Anthropology/Archaeology) that we need to get out of the ivory towers and start talking to people in the general public - sharing what we've learned and helping people to understand their world better. Your video is a perfect example of the sort of "out of the ivory tower" work we need to be far more involved in.
It's a bit dated... with all of the genetic information we now have, Neanderthals were our kinfolk and to a lesser degree ancestors - you could say that the two branches (and as we now know, others as well) intertwined and connected and separated - in a sense the different branches resulted in modern Homo Sapiens Sapiens. That being said, it was an excellent job... I'm going to earmark this video and share it with friends/colleagues, as an example!
If you do that you might come to the conclusion that we haven't evolved at all.
You just chewed up and spit out what he just said the whole video, what's your 2cents worth to the general public ? "It was an excellent job" Just stay in the ivory towers lol
I live near the actual Neandertal (an area near Wuppertal in Germany). There is a really neat museum there and it is amazing to think about the weight of history above it all :)
Antipersonenmine they were around for so long imagine being the last one as it layer dying not knowing that they were the last of their species man
I keep thinking of the name as From Another Valley ( ne ander thal)
WE MATED WITH HEM AND HAD FERTILE OFFSPRINNG SO THEY WERE NOT THAT DIFFERENT
It's more comparable to another dog species. Like there's labrador retrievers and dalmatians. Humand and Neanderthals same species 2 different breeds
@@Nzzertral no they’re not. We are completely different species
@@kenoir01 This is true, the better analogy would be breeding a horse and a donkey, lion and tiger, not dog and dog
@@dan2wee that’s another good point
@@dan2wee u r right. They say all hybrids were female. The males were sterile. So we have our moms to thank for Neanderthal dna!
"The extinction of Neanderthals left us the last remaining species of homo" that's not true ... there is archeological evidence that in fact homo florensiensis also known as "the hobbit" survived in Indonesia until as recently as 15,000 years ago
Canadian Fuhrer Emperor Jackson the video is a year old before the homo Florensiensis became know to majority media
Also the denisova
@@bradleyowen9117 homo floresenesis has been well known for close to 20 years at this point
Monster quest (a very popular tv show 10 years ago) made a documentary about them
Also the gays. 🏳️🌈
The most incredible part of this for me is that we have art from a non-homo sapiens society, alien art from something not us. That is truly mind-blowing.
FairlyInnocuous think about this they ruled for 600000 years who knows what kind of crazy history wars groups culture etc thrived in that huge time span
@@danielantony1882 > not that there's anything WRONG with that ...
@@danielantony1882 ummmm... thats kind of a crude thing to say
@@reidbenbow7132 ya think?
Daniel Antony I meant the use of the word “Faggot” to refer to a gay person
7:00 Very few people are in perfect health when they die. In fact, no one is in perfect health when they die, because death requires a health condition that makes life no longer possible.
This condition can be induced by a trauma that makes life impossible to sustain, or by infection or other disease.
I wish Disney would go back to its experimental roots and do an animated film on Neanderthals with no dialogue, opting instead for an orchestral score, as it did with Fantasia.
That would be pretty cool!
You sick puppy
Dream works did won call the Croods
Have you ever seen the movie Quest For Fire? If not, check it out. Further evidence of how much more open minded and creative we we were when old white guys were in charge of everything.
They should use the technology from the film avatar.
4 year old video so I know you won't see this but I found your channel last night and I have to say I love your content. You're awesome dude!
From what I've read, I believe that Neanderthals had some sort of rudimentary language. I suspect that 50,000 years ago modern human language may also have been pretty rudimentary.
Yea would've sounded like texting language
'Hi, u wanna git me the roc? need it for busting lol , lmao'
Languages generally aren’t “rudimentary” just complex in different ways. The Neanderthals genetically and physically could have spoken language. They existed for thousands of years. Their languages were just as complex as ours.
The further back intelligence goes into the past the more difficult it becomes to explain why civilization is so recent. The climate certainly presented some problems yet there was still suitable land to start civilization if the intelligence requirements were met.
@@swagmundfreud666 Languages today aren't rudimentary, because most humans have appropriate IQ to speak them. But going so far back, they must have had lower IQ and therefore more primitive language.
@@mouthpiece200 Oh have you done IQ tests on primitive people from 100K years ago? I know its tempting to assume that humans back then were less intelligent than us but were they really? I mean yeah they didn't have cities and high technology but that was because the Ice Age made agriculture very difficult in most parts of the world, especially in Europe where neanderthals were. Without a surplus of food from agriculture you have less time to innovate new inventions to advance civilization. I'm not so sure this idea that humans just kept getting smarter and smarter over time is accurate. The people of the dark ages were probably way dumber on average than the people of Ancient Egypt 3000 years before them. That's not because of some biologic reason, it was because of the conditions of the time they lived in.
I bet they would have enjoyed an ice cold beer as much as I do now.
How fascinating would that be, to meet a Neaderthal and, through basic communication and body language, share food and drink together? I would love that.
That makes me think of a scene in Django Unchained. Django takes a drink of this beer and he doesn't say anything but he has this noticable positive reaction.
People react to alcohol differently... Or get worse hangovers of get drunk faster.
This is true for some American indigenous groups or some few Asian (sub) ethnicities... People from Greenland seem to react differently to alcohol too, seems to be more addictive to them.
Anyway I'd like to know too, but maybe they'd hate the hangover :o
I bet those poor souls would have given anything for a bottle of aspirin.
Ruth Lewis willow bark tea
@@Greendragon434 You beat me to it. I wonder how widespread that knowledge was. Many Native Americans knew and use willow bark, the inner bark layer is supposed to be best.
Jean Meslier the egyptians also had a form of aspirin i believe.
They probably had some natural pain killers like wild lettuce
@@gnosis2871 We can only hope. When we say only the strongest survive it was for sure back in those days.
I believe they died out as a race due to their susceptibility to an ancient Corona virus and inability to hoard toilet paper
Lol, underrated comment.
Your joke made me smile, but possibly there's a grain of truth. It might be that Sapiens had more foresight and that hoarding instinct that has gone awry in the toilet paper aisles predicated us towards storage of food resources whereas the Neanderthals lived more "hand to mouth", thus Sapiens better survived environmental and, perhaps, disease shocks, better. That might have become more important as populations rose and disease transmission became more efficient. I sometimes wonder if Neanderthals were decimated by Sapiens diseases like New World populations in the Age Of Exploration.
But back to hoarding, my local supermarkets have been stripped of staple carbohydrates. A Neanderthal just wandering in to buy some for a few days ahead would go hungry now, while the hoarding Sapiens can live off their hoards for many weeks ahead.
jaxxstraw Neanderthals are sapiens. But modern humans are sapien sapiens.
@@ian_b modern behavior has changed from 1920 to 2020 never mind 1000s of years. Your argument is invalid, you can't hoard resources back then
@@kelvinb16 Sure you could. Many foods can be dried for storage, for instance.
Glad this shows that even back then people cared about each other and it wasn't a total darwinian environment as so many pessimists perpetuate.
i think , like today it would all be up to the clan or tribe to which one belonged, with some being very caring for their old and weak, and others abandoning them for the benefit of the young and able, just as was the case, and is the case with homo sapiens,
Darwinian Quote: "Only the strong survive. / Survival of the fittest."
Evolution: Social strength is part of that.
Overall, I think that Darwinian theory started off incomplete, but you could say that we've been refining it as more content & context is discovered. I'm not sure compassion is something that is incompatible with Darwinian.
I could be wrong, but that's my $0.02.
Kane Smith Caring is an evolved adaptation.
Altruism is an evolutionary development.
T'was an old username and I'll change it soon.
“Survival of the fittest” only means living to pass down your genes. It doesn’t mean necessarily that the strongest one wins. If compassion and cooperation help you and your relatives have more surviving offspring, then you’re successful from a Darwinian perspective.
some findings also suggested that they had some notions or beliefs of death and afterlife. They had forms of complex cultures
Treating a corpse with affection rather suggests no concept of soul.
You will notice that most of the depictions of Neanderthals in this video don't show their low forehead and receding chins. It is either an attempt to make them look more like modern man, or the artists subconsciously are using a facial geometry they are more familiar with. The fact is not only Neanderthal skulls were different from ours, but their rib cage and arms and legs had marked differences in their proportions from ours. It was not only their large nasal passages that make them different from us, they were a very different subspecies of human. But that difference is no indication they were "primitive". They were very successful for around 400,00 years in Europe and the Near-East, and survived at least one and possibly two ice-ages, and that was a major achievement.
First fact: exists
Me, a european: well, they're kind of my ancestors though
Well, everyone except many Africans likely have 2-4% of their heritage from H. neanderthalensis, due to humans traveling across the map in the following manner: Africans to Europeans to both Middle Eastern people (and other Arabs) plus Eastern Europeans like Russians and Siberians (Many of these early Siberians developed smaller, more 'asian'-like eyes to adapt to the cold and snowy weather - it kept snow from getting into their eyes. They passed on this gene to their descendants: East Asians (like Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Korean, and so on), who gave rise to Indonesians, Aboriginal Australians (The the smaller-eye gene is much less prevalent here), and Native Americans (They sort of kept the small-eye gene, but barely).
@@koba763 Yup, I have 4% Neanderthan genes--my ancestors all came from Eastern Europe as far back as you can check. I was happy to learn that they didn't just go extinct.
@@joycekellner9957 Yeah I might have some too since I'm half Eastern European (Slovak to be specific).
All non-Africans have Neanderthal ancestors, not just Europeans
East Asians, South Asians have higher neanderthal ancestry than europeans, al humans have neanderthal ancestry.
2:16 a T. Rex with a baby triceratops. That made my day!
Imagine what Neanderthal language would’ve actually sounded like!
I actually imagined the Old Tongue language spoken on Game of Thrones. Wun Wun came to mind first
@Marvin Martinez
Fucking lool
it probably was more than one neanderthal language, each isolated group diverged and had its own language, with groups that diverged later having more in common in their languages, and probably if two previously isolated groups mixed together peacefully a hybrid language formed etc... same with humans
even dolphins and killer whales were proven to have different "dialects" of vocalizations for different populations! it is amazing really, language is a slow process that developed over generations to include more complex vocalizations to mean more things, not just developed in any one individuals life! even now changes were made to English than how it was spoken 200 years ago, think about millions of years over several species
Scientists have recreated it with a vocal expert. It sounds like high pitched screeching, you can watch the video on RUclips.
Probably sounded like the vampires from 30 Days of Night. Either that or Chinese opera.
Author and anthropologist Jean M. Aul's books about stoneage-girl Ayla, especially the first one "Clan of The Cavebear", has actually done a lot for putting these assumptions in the ground. She in fact molded the character Caleb after Nandi to show how physical weak members of a neanderthal tribe could easily have played a major role in the tribe as shamans and healers, in this way giving a credible reason howcome an individual as Nandi would receive so much care as is suggested by the fossil finds.
Thank gods I never thought any of these lies were true. Neanderthals were people, just like us, and just like any other animal. They used their intelligence to survive, but they were also sapient and highly social, which also resulted in greater expression of empathy, like it happens between other social animals. When I look at a Neanderthal, I can only think "hello, fellow person, I wonder what your day was like".
Most definitely!
Got to say never heard of hunchback Neanderthals. That said... They're technically our ancestors, cause our real ancestors did interbreed with them on occassion. So not a direct branch ancestor but interlocking one, sure. Well, for europeans anyway.
Partially descended from them. We who are anything but full-blooded Africans are all the descendants of mixed breedings. And given the size of a Neanderthal infant the successful ones would nearly have to have been a Neanderthal female and a Modern Human male as the head size would more than likely have killed a modern human female during childbirth.....and if there hadn't been a female willing and able to nurse it the child would have died in a day or two.
I don't understand your distinction between 'real ancestors' and 'Neanderthals', Valherjar. If you've got Neanderthal DNA - it means you had real Neanderthal ancestors! Probably the last fully Neanderthal one, as Little Dikkins points out, was female - but before her would have been thousands of years worth of both male and female 100% Neanderthals.
It's not just Europeans. It's also people from the middle east
Neanderthals were human. We obviously breed with them. Neanderthal was a different race just how we have Europeans, Asians, Middle Eastern, Americas, Africans. If you think Neanderthals are not human than people outside your race are not human either. If you can breed offspring then you are basically the same species. Asians, blacks, and whites have different skulls as well. Neanderthals were just a different race. This was obvious as a child. Saying Neanderthals are not human is like saying other races are not human. We all are but have evolved different slightly :).
@@vladimircrist2297
Humans are homo sapiens sapiens. Yes, that's two sapiens because there are multiple kinds of homo sapiens (we are the only last surviving ones). So we are specifically homo sapiens sapiens.
I don't know where Neanderthals belong. They could be homo sapiens, idk, but they are not homo sapiens sapiens.
Dude, we do have Neanderthal DNA, it's pretty mainstream now. Cro magnon man and Neanderthal interbred and produced offspring, mostly in Europe.
We all do except Sub Saharan Africans.
@@Patrick-857 Even many Sub-Saharan Africans have neanderthal genes, albeit in very low concentrations
@Ronald Mugo How? Well, at least in Northeast and Southern Africa, it's linked to a Eurasian population that migrated BACK to Africa and were largely absorbed.
In West Africa, it might have been introduced to humans from another archaic human species that interbred with neanderthals and passed those genes along when being absorbed by Paleolithic West Africans.
White people 😂😂😂😂
@@couchgrouches7667 those sub-Saharan African are west India and Northern Afro-american 99,99% of real sub-Saharan African who never leave Africa mostly western African have like 00.01% of neanderthal gene
Neanderthals invented the hair bun
Thomas Campbell and artisan handcrafted microbrew ipas.
If neanderthals invented the man bun I'm glad they went extinct.
🤣🤣🤣
Thomas Campbell They invented hairmetal
They invented butt hair dreadlocks too
A thoughtful and empathetic reasoning to discount misconceptions about our forebear 'Nandy'. Gosh! Imagine bearing the fellow's 'disabilities' caused how - one can only conjecture whether during hunting mammoth, fights with another tribe, falling from a climb - who knows? Clearly, Nandy, was, or, exposed himself to necessarily dangerous situations that meant sustaining injuries and disfigurements were part of the routine of his life. Reminds me of a skeletal X-ray I had recently that revealed I'd suffered a vertebrae fracture in the past, since healed and in no way disabling, that I could not explain to the doctor how and when it occurred. Thanx from the UK
Its amazing that Nandi survived any of those injuries.
The hair/sweat factor is very arguable. Both diet and acclimatization play a big role in that and ultimately, layers are most important. Lots of hair is basically layers.
Well they had Neandercare back then.
I like the image of the face painted neanderthal with the decorative feathers. I heard too that there is DNA evidence to suggest that they had skin tones almost as varied as ours depending on the climate of the location they lived in.
I heard they were 8 feet tall and could shoot bolts of lightening from their eyes and fire from their arse.
@@df6628 No, that was William Wallace
They likely mostly had pale (white) skin, while we likely were primarily darker in nature at the time. Mainly because they evolved in Europe while we evolved in Africa.
This video really started me thinking about how bad evidence can lead to terrible misconceptions. My God, what if somebody finds fossils of THE KARDASHIANS, thousands of years from now?
"Humans had really *CRAZY* BUTTS!!"
T'was an old username and I'll change it soon. Oh my gosh, I never thought about that.
T'was an old username and I'll change it soon. Nah the plastic would just decompose by then.
Namjoon's dimples and thighs omg😂
Namjoon's dimples and thighs plastic doesn’t decompose for millions of years, and if it becomes fossilized with the rest of the body then it would probably last even longer.
Do a vid showing how Neanderthal skull genetics could have been a death sentence to Sapien female trying to give birth, but so in Neanderthal female pregnant bya Sapien. There is an untold theory in this size difference and how genes were passed.
I've always understood the "March of Progress" was indicative of a timeline of evolution, not a linear representation. I must have slept through that part.
Who's this Arthur Itis bloke?
Brian Kane He's a bad dude, you don't want to know him!
He was ben gay.
Ilene Dover's cousin I think.
The fact that people dont accept that these are definitely our ancestors just as much as homo sapien is scary
Everyone except Sub Saharan Africans. They have no Neanderthal DNA.
Not as much. Therr is a lower percentage. Mainly because the stillborn rate of a mixed couple waa higher, due to the differences in the species in the end.
The average recentlt was i think 2-5% neanderthal (except the ones mentioned before), but some nations have more and other ones lesser. It isnt very high, but definitely there. Aboriginals have, as far as I remember and correct me if I'm wrong, also another human species in their DNA. These were closer related to neanderthals then homosapiens but also breeded with all the other species (you can never have enough fun). So in the southern asian country's and australia are there DNA more common.
I doubt that this will be the only ones, the more we find, the more we know.
Also, at that time, there was already racism existing or more a form of fear of new or unknown things (which made them survive in the end). Mixed couples were often excluded from both societies and some even murdered, as well as their children. But it becane more common after a while. Also one thing they found out so far is that male neanderthals with female homosapiens were more common then the other way around, which probably has to do with the body. Neanderthals were taler and broader build, so the women associated that with strength and good survival possibilities. On the other hand, the small cute homosapiens was also quit attractice for the neanderthals.
Just love these little things and how they still fit into our behaviour nowadays and our instinct.
But also how more consciousness lets us overcome some of our instincts nowadays.
To be fair, they are our ancestors to a much lesser extent. Also we just found out that Neanderthals are our ancestors recently so it will be a while until people know and accept it.
Well there are braindead creationists that unironically believe Neanderthals didn't exist so it isn't surprising.
Thank you Henry for such a thoughtful and well presented video. I was unaware of your material until this video but this presentation has prompted me to subscribe to your channel. Please, keep up the good work.
Thank you for your kind words! I will most certainly continue to produce these videos, I've got plenty of topics I wish to present. :)
Agreed, great job man! I'm posting this on my husband's account, but I'm currently working on my own RUclips channel similar to yours. My first video will be on the lystrosaurus, I'm super excited to have it completed soon... and when I see videos from small channels like this trending, it gives me hope that at least a few people will actually see it! :) Keep it up, you just got another sub from me as well.
Evolution is a Satanic Fairy Tale for Holy Bible Rejectors !!! If you want TRUTH you must Read and Believe the Holy Bible (The King James Version) !!!
@@samyoung5964 If only you were a 'Satanic Fairy Tale', the whole world would breath easier. While the bible has done some good things, it's also caused the death of countless millions of species including people.
The prevalent view that Neanderthald were more primitive than H.Sapiens is sometimes attributed to the fact Neaderthals still possessed a prominent brow ridge, like all the other species of humans apart from H.Sapiens.
A brow ridge was thought to be a "primitive" feature, a leftover from the other great apes.
But the lack of a brow ridge is just an anomaly in H.Sapiens and is not a mark of "progressiveness".
@Raoul Fleckman lol, you're probably right :)
There was some interbreeding between our our cro magnon ancestors and neanderthals so we did descended from neanderthals to some small extent. About 4% of our DNA is neanderthal in origin., aside from people native to Africa south of the Sahara.
Adrian Bingham: well-said.
jeisa Jeis: also well said, and more recent information.
Sahara was never a barrier because there were occasionally very small migrations?
Vercingetorix: huh? The Sahara was as much of a barrier as other long stretches without McDonald's or gas stations. what do you mean? We know there were occasional small migrations...that took a lot longer than a modern family vacation. It is a bit of a barrier and we're referring to it here in terms of a geographical mark/divider demarcation line, like a dotted border printed on a map. Only this is wider than a typical map line. Yeah, people found ways, nobody said it was never a barrier. It is a kind of barrier; people get around barriers. Life finds a way.
@@jilliansmith7123 Nobody except for the guy you responded to who said "Also the sahara was never a barrier", and I'm sure crossing the Sahara is similar to driving a long stretch without a gas station.
I think a braided stream might be a better representation of evolution than a tree or bush. Since sometimes the branches connect later... unlike on trees. Also, I appreciate when videos clarify that scientists aren't perfect and can be completely wrong even in modern times. It's always good to be a bit skeptical about everything.
Watching this video makes me think that Neanderthals were not as incompetent as we pictured them to be. With that being said, this actually makes me respect them, and makes me feel that I wouldn't mind living alongside them.
Well, for many of us, they are ancestors. I'd hope they weren't all that bad. Our European human ancestors certainly didn't think so.
T'was an old username and I'll change it soon. I've divorced one, was bully and aggressive, greedy creature.
I think it is a shame we shall never hear Neanderthal speech. What would non-human speech be like? What was the structure of their language? One amusing idea does occur to me. I have heard on numerous occasions that Neanderthals would have had higher pitched voices than us. Might they have sounded like human voices under the influence of helium? Now that would be fun to hear.
There is a video on youtube that shows them recreating what Neanderthals may have sounded like. Let's just say it was not the voice one would expect from a stocky, barrel-chested adult male.
I thought the squeaky voice theory had been debunked.
@@1Rik1 I never heard that. Do you have any references?
@@littledikkins2 So... Mike Tyson?
Kind of makes sense because black people usually have deeper voices than white people.
And they don’t have Neanderthal in their blood
I clicked on this by mistake. I thought it was another Joe Rogan video, by the image on the thumbnail.
Lmao
That's gold.
Mike Burns lmfao 👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽
hahahaha leave him alone
@@suk4honesty To some, it may be considered a compliment, either physically or mentally, depending how you want to look at it.
But, the resemblance is remarkable.
"evolution is more along the lines of a tree, with branches springing out of the base, with some branches falling off and some continuing to grow and diversify" i loved it.
I prefer the analogy to a braded river delta flowing over an area with masses of extinction holes. Look at this image. www.geoengineer.org/storage/news/2701/featured_image/13729/featured_image.jpeg
Notice the connections between the channels. That's analogous to the gene flow from Neanderthals to our species. Now visualize that all but one of the channels failed to reach the ocean, the ocean being the present day. Our species is that sole surviving channel, for now.
This is so immersive, thank you for telling us their story.
This was a very interesting and informative video. Indeed I used to have
many of the misconceptions that are corrected in this episode. Thank you
for publishing it.
Need a DENISOVANS VIDEO
Matangaro Matangaro but there’s so little known about them right now.
Waxican - that’s a fair comment.
We need rudolfensis
I don’t know how to spell it
Elite insider Tolkien KNEW the truth, just like George Orwell did.
The first time you said "brutish" I was pouring coffee in the kitchen I heard "British" hahaha
The individual "Nandy" being described around @7:00 on, sounds much like the character "Creb" from the paleo-novel "Clan of the Cave Bear" by Jean Aul. This character too had one eye and much facial scarring, a withered arm and a pronounced limp. Very interesting to think that the character might have been modeled after the "Nandy" individual!
Auel extensively researched Paleolithic Europe in preparation for her writings. Creb is one of many of her characters and events based on that research.
Love that book! The later ones were meh,basically romance novels. Should redo the movie, it was kinda bad, but a fascinating story nonetheless.
I was looking for this comment!! Glad I wasn´t the only one :D
That was the inspiration
valley of horses was still quite good
Just found your channel. This was an excellent video. I'm subscribed now and look forward to watching more
CONGRATULATIONS HENRY. ONE MILLION VIEWS. Best wishes for the future.
Thank you!
When I first read about Shanidar 1, I thought there must be a dating error. It is amazing that, even with the care they gave him, that poor man survived such pathologies and injuries as long as he did... it makes me so sad to think how terrible his suffering would have been.
I've always wondered what life would be like if they had continued to exist alongside us. What different cultures would they have developed? What would their languages be like? What technologies would they have eventually created? It honestly makes me sad that we'll never know.
I can't say much on that. But the thing I know for sure is that there would've been much, much more racism. More than we need
@@brq267 you're probably right about that, friend. Still, i think it's a damn shame. It's fascinating to think about how things would've looked in classical or medieval europe if there were nations of neanderthals or denisovans in the east or like a literal mini kingdom of homo floriensis. I wanna write a fantasy novel about it one day. Lol.
More likely that Neanderthal Man had a strong oral culture, rather than a developed written culture. I imagine they communicated through speech, as they had a tongue didn't they.
I watched something recently saying their vocal cords or voice box wasn't as developed for speach as us but that they may have communicated more using sounds and signs.
@@44LillPuffin I've only heard that Neanderthals would have had more nasally and squeaky voices, they should have been fully capable of speech but would have had weird voices
@@44LillPuffin I think that just means their language wouldn't have sounded like any H. Sapiens tongue. There were probably sounds that we aren't capable of making, and vice versa.
As a side note, and despite what the narrator says, studies suggest they had loud, deep voices. Even the women probably sounded deeper and more masculine than modern human males.
What is even more interesting is how neanderthal language may have influenced human language, since we obviously co-existed and interacted for a long time. There must have been communication between neanderthals and humans. We may have root words from them. Or even grammar based on neanderthal language. Perhaps some of our mythology comes from them. Wish I had a time machine.
Crazy how we put our spin on how they looked, eyes, skin, hair. We have no idea how they looked . Bigger Skulls, thicker bones, larger eye sockets suggesting they had better vision in the dark. Truly a mystery and transformation from them to us
Yet more evidence for the Bible. I would be willing to bet that these people called neanderthals, were actually antediluvians who lived well beyond 100 years old. Certain parts keep growing as we age.
Thank you! I'm in my first year of my bachelor of palaeontology and I'm writing a paper on Neanderthals and you've given me heaps of ideas
One of the major misconceptions is pronouncing the TH.
The Black Dog Chronicles funny thing is MAYBE THEY said the TH lol. What If coincidentally we got it that close but they called THEMSELVES the Meanderthaths
@@phataton8206 it's a valley, thal
Yes I know.
You say Neandertals, I say Neanderthals, let's call the whole thing off.
That would be the Etymological Fallacy
Neanderthals were not dumb. They used complex Tools before we had discovered how To use them. There is even A theory of neanderthals teaching us how To make and use Tools. Also there is evidence of neanderthals worshipping god and being spiritual beings.
@Maxx Kroes i am not religous, but i am spiritual. I disagree that believing In god is not smart. Being spiritual and worshipping A physical thing like A waterfall is two different things. The other requires A deeper understanding and deeper and more meaningful thinking. I'm sorry you feel this way. I might think so aswell, if i had not met god face To face.
Peace
@Maxx Kroes I am an atheist and I dn´t believe in God, nor do I think religión is useful, but creating concepts such as Gods requires pretty advance cognitive abilities. First you need to think in abstract terms, because are not actual tangible beings, it also requires some kind of pattern recognition, usually too much pattern recognizition, alongisde causal thinking (I pray, x thing happened, so it Will happen again or that Stone looks kind of like a giant woman, it must have been a giant woman in another era that turned into stone). Religión is also very social and needs rituals, so some kind of social structure is necessary alongside the capacity to pass information, even record it to pass it to your descendants (in form of song or stories). Pretty much, you have to be about the same level of cognitive abilities as us to ahve religión. I jsut think of it more like a byproduct, we have certain cognitive advantages, but those mean that we also use them a lot of the time to make faulty assumptions.
Yes they had totems wether animal or spiritual dieties they've been found like the mother figure..
@really dude paganism is not religious you must not know a lot
It is I prudent to discuss intellectual ability when you confuse where for were.
While attending the Shakespearean festival in Ashland Oregon we were treated to a haunting performance on a flute carved from an eagle's thigh bone, in the diatonic scale. The original was made by Neanderthals!
It's so insane when you truly muse over the concept.
I'd just like to say, the whole descended thing is partly true for all non- African sapiens, since we mixed with Neanderthals, atleast twice, when we wandered out of Africa. While we are not the next evolution, we still are descended from Neanderthals. What kept Neanderthals warm, was their insulating pounds of muscle, combined with their clothing. It's also likely, as simplistic as it was, that Neanderthal clothing was in some respects, better than what sapiens had at the same time. Whenever I hear someone talk about Shanidar 1, I always get happy that someone's talking about Creb. From my understanding, based on the Neanderthal documentary released this past year with Andy Serkis, Neanderthals could speak, however certain sounds we make, for example "Ahh" would have been much different, sounding more like "Uhr".
@Grundy Malone Neanderthals did contribute, both directly and indirectly. Also new evidence suggests Homo sapiens who left Africa before 100,000 years ago, contributed to the gene flow of Eastern Eurasian Neanderthal populations.
I wonder if our blessing turned problem, of readily turning calories into adipose tissue, is a gift from our Neanderthal ancestors.
@@batintheattic7293 I sincerely doubt that since that quite famously happens a lot in khoisan people who are the last people you'd expect to have neanderthal DNA. Also is a particular issue for African americans but they pretty much always are fairly european
Creb? Jean Auel, Clan of the Cave Bear, Earth Children series. Much respect.
Truly loved this heart felt, realistic view of our ancestors.
Oh no, not ancestors but rather our concurrents
Very beautiful. Thank you. For the video and for making me see our old brothers in such a humble and respectful way.
Yeah, if prehistoric human species (neanderthals included) were all still alive today, and due to human rights being more important than ever, I think that various movie (Minions, The Croods, 1 Million BC, etc) and series (Netflix's Dawn Of The Croods, old Scooby-Doo cartoons, etc) programs could have the following warning before the program starts:
"This programme includes negative depictions and/or mistreatment of human species or cultures. These stereotypes were wrong then and are wrong now. We want to acknowledge its harmful impact, learn from it and spark conversation to create a more inclusive future together".
This video is certainly entertaining and informative. I'm interested into seeing more. I was interested in seeing you cover this subject.
Thanks! I'm glad you enjoyed! I'll definitely be doing a lot more of these videos in the near future. :)
a suggestion for a better title: misconceptions about neanderthal misconceptions.
Hey, great video, just a tip, you might want to run your voice throught a filter that stops it from hitting too high of a note, on some words that's a slight whistle at the very end and it's very painful. I have to lower the volume to get around it.
Besides that, great vid, keep it up.
Unfortunate to hear. Hopefully thats not too widespread across my other videos.
Thanks for helping to educate we modern humans to appreciate better our distant cousins, the Neanderthals. We need to be more up- to-date on how they lived.
Neanderthals were our closest relatives? Strange. I thought my brother was my closest relative...
aux is pronounced "oh"
congenital is pronounced con-gen'-ih-tal
@Tuatha De Sidhe
Both pronunciations of Neanderthal are widely accepted in English, and even dictionaries agree that both are correct.
@@Brinta3 That's why chavs (indeed the word chav itself) get words into the dictionary due to popularity of use. Not because it's correct.
Every time I hear your voice I know I'm going to have fun, it brings a smile to my face.
Thanks, man! Really appreciate your kind words!
Sounds like a stalker to me.
Sounds cryptic to me
6:30 I never understood why there is always a misconception of "anything not human is a brute or stupid". Some animals and even plants can articulate through the world and survive in ways humans cannot even conceive of thinking. Regardless of what anatomy they may posses, humans use what they learn from these creatures to advance mankind, how ironic.
When you find out you have more neanderthal varients than 78% of 23andme users
For two species to be able to interbreed and have VIABLE offspring, by evolutionary law, their genetic structure must be practically identical. This necessitates that they must share a very recent common ancestor. This means that the evolution of homo sapiens and homo neanderthalis is linked, and their common ancestor originated in Africa.
I suggest anyone and everyone read at least the first book of a series: "Clan Of the Cave Bear". It was actually made into a movie way back when.
The author has credentials in anthropology and even botany. The books are good, with the first being the best (in my opinion). It gives an extremely detailed and immersive idea of what life could've been like when Neanderthals and Cro-Magnans were living alongside each other, right as the Neanderthals began declining. There is even the topic of interbreeding and how that would've looked and also how each society may have treated such individuals. I think these are amazing fictional examples of these time periods, and they're from the early 80's, if I recall, maybe the 70's.
It definitely changed how I thought about our earlier ancestors and their neighbors. I read these when I was a young adult, so I did already have some preconceived notions about early hominids, even having been a dinosaur fan when I was young and having done some extensive research into earlier life in my free time.
Give it a read, I really do recommend it.
Edit: I did want to add that it covers how the Neaderthal clans may have had and portrayed their spirituality, and some of their beliefs. It also shows them communicating via small vocalizations among a type of sign language. Basically the vocalizations would just be small grunts and noises to emphasize what they were saying with their hands. I think it's an interesting take on things. Obviously they'd probably vocalize more if they had to use their hands, like when hunting. These books cover a lot and give you things to think about, even if it's not all correct or some of it is a bit outdated.
Neanderthal is fascinating to learn about. Neanderthal part of our ancestors and Homosapien is to. Great video Henry can you make more of these kind videos.
It's the point about language that always annoys me. They most definately could speak, but people think they couldn't. This is part of the reason why people see them as more animal than human.
Humans are animals
Chewie -V You definitely must be a Neanderthal.
@@sofiemak explain how humans aren't animals so my neanderthal self and process how you are a fuck bag
Chewie -V Nice to see you here, it is. My favorite Wookie, you are.Overrated, humans are.
You use a lot of absolute language. "This is definitely true" " That is definitely how it was". I suspect it is all just guessing.
Firstly, did you consider he may do that in part because of an internal annoyance with the amount of misconceptions and depreciation/dehumanization society in general practices towards Neanderthals, combined with a high level of knowledge of the subject from his part, since he studies quite a lot archaeology and paleonthology, and he has to watch that many misconceptions being made among the general population?
Secondly, to criticise his wording and claims, did you check the many sources he provided in the description for his video claims? Showing that he can claim things with more absolution, because his claims are quite scientifically funded, while the prejudices and misconceptions of the general population about Neanderthals are funded on old assumptions, unrequited or bad science, and change through time with social misjudgement and emotional, irrational analysis.
Donald trump uses that language.
I suspect, being at least tangentially familiar with the literature here, that he's making definitive statements when evidence clearly shows something to be true. The fossil record is clear, including the fossils of the aged, severely injured, but healed individuals. The discussion on speech is a hot topic of debate, because it was previously thought to be a uniquely human trait that resulted from specific anatomical changes in the skull and neck. Evidence showing similarity in neanderthal skulls gives us tremendous insight, though, of course, we don't have soft tissue which would be the gold standard.
As with all things in science, there are levels of supporting evidence. Some theories are weak. In this case, examples would be inferences from reconstructions of the neanderthal genome, which is based on enormous amounts of assumptions. Other theories, like their social behavior and development of culture (art), are so strongly supported, they aren't really controversial. He uses definitive language with the latter, and that's appropriate.
It’s not all facts but hey
Because it is
Yes, we should respect our ancient cousins.❤️❤️❤️
Shivkumar K V gooo goooooo gaaa gaaaaa geeeee geeeeee!!!!! Me wikeum cave man now!!!!!!!
Your ancient cousins; my ancient ancestors.
@@mercoid the type of nigga to never know respect, ergo he don't know *how* to respect.
Rick C ❤️💐
mercoid 💐❤️
Contrary to long held notions, then, does this data suggest that Neanderthal COULD speak? I always used to read that the larynx structure restricted that ability.
23 and me says I have more Neanderthal DNA than 93% of others who gave their sample, and I only have 311 markers. They said this meant I don't have back hair (I do not), and that I don't sneeze when I eat dark chocolate (I don't). I guess we are really understanding Neanderthal DNA with leaps and bounds with genetic testing.
Im sorry, do you have more information on the dark chocolate? It makes people sneeze?
The thumbnail be like "Neanderthal, the last airbender". I'd definitely watch that over Avatar.
I'd love something covering Neanderthals in some form of media.
@@HenrythePaleoGuy
I'm not sure if you know of it, and it's pretty old, but I did suggest "Clan Of the Cave Bear". It was decent enough to warrant a (meh) movie a few decades ago. The first book is really awesome though. Shows all kinds of facets of Neaderthal life including spirituality, herbal medicine, hunting, socialization (they speak in small vocalizations and a type of hand language in the book), etc. It's all really interesting to think about. The author is formally schooled and holds degrees in (if I recall) anthropology and some other things she utilizes in the books. It's a series but the first book is the best, to me.
Just a suggestion. :)
On the other hand I'm totally descended from at least a Neanderthal
I am not going to disagree with that.
@earaza If I was growing up around malaria, I think I might opt for the sickle cell. But yeah, *pure* Africans have little to no Neanderthal DNA! :) But sorry, unless you have that amazingly night-black skin, you're probably still part Neanderthal!
@Church On Da Move black people can get lice too, dumbass. That they cant because of coarse hair is nonsense and a fucking myth. Now shut your racist ass up before I beat your ass.
@Church On Da Move the raiders suck btw
To everybody who is being so spiky about African DNA versus northern European DNA (so far as the different blessings/curses each bequeaths) - there have got to be modern black people who have some Neanderthal DNA in them. I'm very pale northern European and, apparently, I have more Neanderthal DNA than 63% of other 23 and Me users. However, I also have lots of darker skinned cousins in America. They could have inherited Neanderthal DNA from the same genetic lines that I did.
My mom got a DNA test and apparently she has more neanderthal in her than 96% of the human population.
Interesting. A result of more interbreeding in the past. :)
@@HenrythePaleoGuy Everyone on that side of the family, women included is 6ft +. The rest of her test came in mostly Scandinavian.
The neanderthals were out numbered & bred out rather than killed to extinction right?
i've been saying most of these things for years.... literally years... and that's just from my own common sense observations. it's good to hear it finally
But I have heard it is proven that we share about 2 % of our genom with neanderthals, indicating that they interbread with early humans. So they indeed are our anacestors as well are they not?
Yeah. I had a genetic test done and it stated I had 4% Neanderthal DNA and 275 varients.
Not gonna lie. I wish they weren’t extinct.
the bloodline is still there, both variaties of humans could mate and produce fertile children.
For what? So we can treat them like shit. You people arent even kind to your own species.
@Yas Gasovna They didn't really "make" modern Europeans and Asians. Those groups are still Homo sapiens, the same as any African, they just have admixture from Neanderthals.
Same
@@couchgrouches7667 out of africa is media propaganda it's been debunked..
OK. I’ve made some picky comments. But, i do want to add that your illustrations are really interesting, and I give you a round of applause for creating an interesting clip. Thanks